In its everyday form PET packaging provides an excellent barrier to gases and water vapour which keeps content fresh and untainted for many, many months. PET minimises the use of fossil fuels during manufacture, forming, transport and storage. There are many more products that can be packaged in PET. Perhaps we in industry are not communicating effectively with our value chain (internal) and our final customers (external).

Petcore has devoted a significant amount of time to updating our communications strategy. We want to be in tune with our world of today. After industry consultation Petcore has put together a factual document called PET Profile which extols the tangible and positive benefits of PET and the reasons for its success. Too often the media concentrate only on emotional and negative aspects of purchasing products that are protected and packaged in PET.

Petcore has devoted two of its PET Planet Columns to countering the illinformed media stories about PET that are presented as fact. PET does not leach cancer-forming chemicals and PET does not leach oestrogenic compounds. PET does not contain or form Bisphenol A (BPA) or phthalates. Incidentally, BPA and phthalates are some of the most widely studied and understood chemicals in the world. A simple examination of the rigorous EU risk assessments and studies by other internationally respected scientific bodies have consistently demonstrated the safety of BPA and food contact phthalates for their current uses.

In 1863 President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation freeing all slaves in the United States. One hundred years after this decree was signed, however, the life of blacks was still “sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.” On August 28, 1963, a quarter of a million people of all races came to Washington, D. C., to show their support for freedom and justice for all Americans, and for black people in particular. At that demonstration Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered this famous speech, widely regarded as the most eloquent statement of the black people’s dreams and aspirations ever made. Dr. King told the world, “I have a dream” that equality would come “to all of God’s children.” He said he wanted everyone to be able to “join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, ‘Free at last! Free at last!…’”

I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King, Jr.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro salves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.

But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.

In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check; a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.” But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check — a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of Democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God’s children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. 1963 is not an end, but a beginning. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwind of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating “For Whites Only,” We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.

I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that even the state of Mississippi, a desert state sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that the state of Alabama will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough place will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

This will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country, tis of thee

Sweet land of liberty

Of thee I sing:

Land where my fathers died,

Land of the pilgrims’ pride,

From every mountainside

Let freedom ring.

And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire! Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!

Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, “Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!”

The production line consists of pipe conveying system, surface treatment system, dedusting system, heating system, electrostatic spraying system, steel pipe coating system, end-polishing system, hydraulically and pneumatically driving system, electric controlling system and inspecting system.

3LPE/PP anti-corrosion coating production line can be used for anti-corrosion purpose with single-layer FBE, double-layer FBE, double-layer PE, double-layer PP and triple-layer PE.Nowadays, it has been extensively used in transportation projects of oil, gas and water around the world.

Reasons:
(1) There is a problem in the driving process.
(2) There are problems in the thread, maybe the fuse is burnt out.
(3) The interlocking devices related to the main motor have stopped working.

Solutions:
(1) Inspect the working/driving process of the extruder which must be in compliance with the normal principle.
(2) Examine the electro circuit of the main motor.
(3) Check the lubricating oil pump is or not activated. After that examine the conditions of the interlocking devices related to the main motor. If the oil pump could not start, then the main motor cannot work.
(4) If the faradism in the transducer has not discharge totally, please close the main power source and wait for 5 minute, then restart the extruder.
(5) Check the emergency push button is reset or not.

1. The lubrication used in the twin screw extruder must be original No.150 Medium Pressure gear oil;
2. The normal operation oil leveler may not under the center oil leveler. Please supplement when it’s under the center oil leveler;
3. After the first 500 hours’ using, please change the lubrication;
4. Then, change the lubrication after every 3000 hours using;
5. Please clean the box and oil filter when changing the oil. First settle the new oil, put the upper layer of oil into the box to clean it and spill the oil. Then pour the new oil in;
6. Please lean the oil filter of the twin screw extruder per month during normal using period, and per week during running-in period. The way of cleaning: first find the oil filter and open it, then take out the dunghill in it.

Reasons:

(1)Uneven feed.
(2)There is a damage or bad lubricant effect in the axletree of the twin extruder’s main motor.
(3)Failure in some parts of the heater and it does not work.
(4)The trim plate of the screws is placed in a wrong place. Or interference from components because of the wrong phases.

Solutions:

(1)Check the feeder and eliminate the faults.
(2)Check the main motor and change the axletrees of the twin extruder if necessary.
(3)Check the heaters and replace the heaters of the twin extruder if necessary.
(4)Check the trim plates and pull the screws to ensure that there is no interference from components.

2. Empty is not allowed when operating the extruder;

3. In order to avoid the damage of the screws and barrel, please prevent the metal or other sundries falling into the hopper. You can take magnetic components or magnetic frame in the orifice of the hopper as a protector. In addition, screen the materials before putting into the hopper;

4. Emendate the temperature control instrument periodical to ensure the correctness of the modulation and the sensitivity of the regulation;

5. Please coat the antirust grease on the surface of the screws, barrel and some other place when stop using the extruder in long time. Pint-sized screws should be hand in the air or put in the special box. And level up the screws to avoid the damage and distortion;

6. Please keep a clean manufacture environment and do not let the impurity mixed with the material block up the filter pad. It will make a serious impact to the quality and quantity of the goods.

Differences:
1. Diameter
Parallel twin screw extruder has the same diameters but there is a difference between diameters of the small end and big end of the conical twin screw extruder.
2. Concentric distance
Parallel twin screw extruder has the same concentric distance but there is an angle between the two axes of the conical twin screw extruder.
3. Length-diameter ratio (L/D)
The L/D of the parallel twin screw extruder means the ratio of the screw’s effective length to the outside cycle of the screws. But the L/D of the conical twin screw means the ratio of the screw’s effective length to the average value of the diameters of small and big end.

According to the axis lead of the twin screw extruder parallel or not, extruders can be divided into axis lead and intersecting twin screw extruder. The parallel axis lead is the twin screw extruder, while the intersecting is the conical twin screw extruder.

Twin screw extruder can also be divided into the meshing and non-meshing.

Compared with general conical twin screw extruder, the screw of conical counter-rotating twin screw extruder used of WPC production should have larger and longer material feeding part in order to fit the requirement of small percentage of wood flour and plant fiber but larger filling portfolio of them. Besides it can reduce the shearing of wood fiber and make the wood fiber distribute uniformly and material melt fully, so it would fit the wide range of production.

If the wood flour and plant fiber has a large feeding amount and the melted resin has a strong rigidity, it would have a requirement of a resistant high-pressure gear box, and use the screw which can compress fast, melt quickly and have a short metering part. Thus it can be ensured that the wood fiber has a short resident time and the screw cannot be broken away and has no degradation of performance.